Lower extremity pain can arise from various conditions affecting the hips, knees, ankles, and feet. Some of the most common causes include:

  1. Muscle strains or cramps: Overuse, excessive exercise, or muscle imbalances can lead to strains or cramps in the muscles of the lower extremities, causing pain and discomfort.
  2. Tendinitis: Inflammation of the tendons, such as Achilles tendinitis or patellar tendinitis, can result in pain and stiffness around the affected joint.
  3. Arthritis: Osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and other forms of arthritis can affect the joints in the lower extremities, leading to pain, swelling, and reduced mobility.
  4. Sciatica: Compression or irritation of the sciatic nerve, which runs from the lower back down the legs, can cause radiating pain, numbness, and tingling in the lower extremities.
  5. Peripheral artery disease (PAD): Narrowing or blockage of the arteries supplying blood to the legs can cause pain, cramping, and fatigue in the lower extremities, especially during physical activity.
  6. Diabetic neuropathy: Uncontrolled diabetes can lead to nerve damage, causing numbness, tingling, and burning sensations in the feet and legs.
  7. Varicose veins: Enlarged, twisted veins in the legs can cause aching, heaviness, and swelling in the lower extremities.
  8. Stress fractures: Tiny cracks in the bones of the lower extremities, often caused by repetitive stress or overuse, can result in localized pain and tenderness.
  9. Bursitis: Inflammation of the fluid-filled sacs (bursae) that cushion the joints, such as hip bursitis or knee bursitis, can cause pain and stiffness.
  10. Sprains and strains: Injuries to the ligaments or muscles around the joints, such as ankle sprains or hamstring strains, can lead to pain, swelling, and limited mobility.